Abstract 160 Post COVID-19 Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus; Insights from The International HOPE-II-COVID-19-Registry

Clin Res Cardiol (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-023-02180-w
Post COVID-19 Syndrome and Diabetes Mellitus; Insights from The International HOPE-II-COVID-19-Registry
M. Abumayyaleh¹, I. J. N. Gil², M. C. Viana-LLamas³, S. R. Roubin⁴, R. Romero⁵, E. Alfonso-Rodríguez⁶, A. Uribarri⁷, G. Feltes⁸, V. M. Becerra-Muñoz⁹, F. Santoro¹⁰, M. Pepe¹¹, A. F. C. Mejía¹², J. Signes-Costa¹³, A. Gonzalez¹⁴, F. Marín¹⁵, J. López-País¹⁶, E. Manzone¹⁷, O. V. Cancela¹⁸, C. E. Paeres¹⁹, A. L. Masjuan²⁰, L. Velicki²¹, C. Weiß²², D. Chipayo², A. Fernandez-Ortiz², I. El-Battrawy²³, I. Akin¹, für die Studiengruppe: HOPE
¹I. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Mannheim; ²Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, ES; ³Hospital Universitario Guadalajara, Guadalajara, ES; ⁴University Hospital Álvaro Cunqueiro, Vigo, Pontevedra, ES; ⁵Hospital Emergencias Enfermera Isabel Zendal, Getafe, Madrid, ES; ⁶Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, La Habana, Cuba, Ecuador; ⁷Cardiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Research Institute, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red para Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Barcelona, ES; ⁸Hospital Nuestra Señora de América, Madrid, Spain, ES; ⁹Hospital Clinico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Malaga, Spain, ES; ¹⁰Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy, IT; ¹¹Azienda ospedaliero-universitaria consorziale policlinico di Bari, Bari, Italy, IT; ¹²Hospital General del norte de Guayaquil IESS Los Ceibos, Guayaquil, Ecuador, EC; ¹³Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain, ES; ¹⁴Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofia, San Sebastian de los Reyes, Madrid, Spain, ES; ¹⁵Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain, ES; ¹⁶Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Ourense, Ourense, Spain, ES; ¹⁷Hospital del Sureste, Arganda del Rey, Madrid, Spain, ES; ¹⁸Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain, ES; ¹⁹Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, ES; ²⁰Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jimenez, Huelva, Spain, ES; ²¹Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia and Institute of cardiovascular diseases Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia, SRB; ²²Medizinische Statistik, Biomathematik und Informationsverarbeitung, UMM, Mannheim; ²³Medizinische Klinik II, Kardiologie und Angiologie, Berufsgenossenschaftlliches Universitätsklinikum Bergmannsheil, Bochum;
Abstract Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most frequent comorbidities in patients suffering from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) with a higher rate of severe course of coronavirus disease (COVID-19). However, data about post COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) in patients with DM are limited. Methods This multicenter, propensity score-matched study compared long-term follow-up data about cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and other symptoms in 8719 with DM than those without DM. The 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM) according to age and sex resulted in 1548 matched pairs. Results Diabetics and non-diabetics had a mean age of 72.6±12.7 years old. At follow-up, cardiovascular symptoms such as dyspnea and increased resting heart rate occurred less in patients with DM than those without DM, respectively (13.2% vs. 16.4%; p=0.01) (2.8% vs. 5.6%; p=0.05). The incidence of newly diagnosed arterial hypertension was slightly lower in DM patients as compared to non-DM patients (0.5% vs. 1.6%; p=0.18). Abnormal spirometry was observed more in patients with DM than those without DM (18.8% vs. 13; p=0.24). Paranoia was diagnosed more in patients with DM than non-DM patients at follow-up time (4% vs. 1.2%; p=0.009). The incidence of newly diagnosed renal insufficiency was higher in patients suffering from DM as compared to patients without DM (4.8% vs. 2.6%; p=0.09). The rate of readmission was comparable in patients with and without DM (19.7% vs. 18.3%; p=0.61). Reinfection rate with COVID-19 was comparable in both groups (2.9% in diabetics vs. 2.3% in non-diabetics; p=0.55). Long-term mortality was higher in DM patients than non-DM patients (33.9% vs. 29.1%; p=0.005). Conclusions The mortality rate was higher in patients with DM type II as compared to those without DM. Readmission and reinfection rate with COVID-19 were comparable in both groups. The incidence of cardiovascular symptoms was higher in patients without DM.
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