Abstract 989 Dipeptidyl-peptidase 3: potential biomarker for detection of COVID-19 and association with pulmonary infiltrates

Clin Res Cardiol (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-022-02002-5
Dipeptidyl-peptidase 3: potential biomarker for detection of COVID-19 and association with pulmonary infiltrates
S. Staudner¹
¹Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Med. II, Kardiologie, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg;
Aims: Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 spread across the world, causing respiratory disease known as COVID-19. Thus, the aim of the present study was to examine whether inflammatory biomarkers Dipeptidyl-peptidase 3 (DPP3), IL-6, CRP and leucocytes are able to predict the severity of pulmonary infiltrate in COVID-19 patients versus non-COVID-19 controls. Methods: 114 COVID-19 patients and 35 patients with a respiratory infection other than SARS-CoV-2 were included in our prospective observational study. Blood samples were collected at point of presentation in the emergency department. 102 COVID-19 patients and 28 non-COVID-19 patients received CT imaging. If CT imaging was available, an artificial intelligence software (CT Pneumonia Analysis) was used to quantify pulmonary infiltrates. According to the median of infiltrate (14.45%), patients having obtained quantitative CT analysis were divided into two groups (>median: 55 COVID-19 and 9 non-COVID-19, <=median: 47 COVID-19 and 19 non-COVID-19). Results: DPP3 was significantly elevated in COVID-19 patients, as opposed to those without SARS-CoV-2 (p<0.001, AUC=0.72), opposite to IL-6, CRP (each p=n.s.) and leucocytes (p<0.05, but lower levels in COVID-19 patients). Regarding binary logistic regression analysis, DPP3 (OR=1.12, p<0.001) and leucocytes (OR=0.76, p<0.001) were independent predictors of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In COVID-19 cohort DPP3 (p=0.001, AUC=0.70), CRP (p<0.001, AUC=0.82) and leucocytes (p=0.003, AUC=0.67) were increased in patients with infiltrate above median, opposite to non-COVID-19 cohort (each p=n.s.). Only IL-6 was significantly elevated in patients with infiltrate above median both in COVID-19 group (p<0.001, AUC=0.78) and in non-COVID-19 group (p=0.009, AUC=0.81). Regarding multiple linear regression analysis in overall collective, DPP3 (p=0.014) and CRP (p<0.001) were associated with degree of pulmonary infiltrates, as opposed to IL-6 and leucocytes (each p=n.s.). Conclusion: DPP3 showed potential to be a COVID-19 specific biomarker. Alongside CRP and IL-6, it might serve as an appropriate prognostic marker to detect pulmonary infiltrate in COVID-19 patients.
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